Pneumothorax (Spontaneous or Traumatic)

Known Symptoms

• Sudden chest pain and shortness of breath are common signs.
• Decreased breath sounds on the affected side during examination.
• Rapid heart rate (tachycardia) may accompany respiratory distress.
• Low oxygen levels (hypoxia) can occur in severe cases.

Note: If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, seek emergency care immediately. Come to the Emergency Department as soon as possible—drive yourself if you are able, have someone bring you, or call our ambulance service for immediate assistance.

Known Causes

• Spontaneous: tall, thin males and underlying lung disease (COPD).
• Traumatic: blunt or penetrating chest injuries causing air entry.
• Smoking increases the risk of spontaneous pneumothorax recurrence.
• A history of previous pneumothorax predisposes to future episodes.

Care

• Perform needle decompression immediately for tension pneumothorax emergencies.
• Insert a chest tube for larger or symptomatic pneumothoraces.
• Monitor oxygen levels and provide supplemental oxygen as needed.
• Manage underlying lung conditions and advise smoking cessation.