Ophthalmology
Dr. Bachar Khoury
Consultant, Ophthalmology
About
Dr. Bachar Khoury is a Consultant Ophthalmologist with advanced training in France and certification from the European Board of Ophthalmology. He provides comprehensive eye care, covering the diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of ocular conditions. His expertise includes vision correction, glaucoma management, pediatric ophthalmology, and diabetic retinopathy screening. Dr. Khoury also specializes in oculoplastic and cosmetic eye procedures, including blepharoplasty and aesthetic treatments such as fillers and Botox around the eyes. He offers both medical and surgical solutions to maintain eye health and appearance.
Education & Training
- European Board of Ophthalmology, 2008
- Specialist in Ophthalmology, University of Paris , 2004
Clinical Expertise & Procedures Offered
- General Eye Diseases
- Vision Correction
- Blepharoplasty
- Eye Plastic Surgery
- Eye Cosmetics (Filler, Botox)
- Glaucoma
- Pediatric Ophthalmology
- Diabetic Retinopathy Screening
Dr. Bachar Khoury is a Consultant Ophthalmologist with advanced training in France and certification from the European Board of Ophthalmology. He provides comprehensive eye care, covering the diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of ocular conditions. His expertise includes vision correction, glaucoma management, pediatric ophthalmology, and diabetic retinopathy screening. Dr. Khoury also specializes in oculoplastic and cosmetic eye procedures, including blepharoplasty and aesthetic treatments such as fillers and Botox around the eyes. He offers both medical and surgical solutions to maintain eye health and appearance.
Conditions treated
Retinal Vein Occlusion
Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is the blockage of a retinal vein, leading to reduced blood flow and vision loss. It is the second most common retinal vascular disorder after diabetic retinopathy. Risk factors include hypertension, diabetes, glaucoma, and clotting disorders. Symptoms may present as sudden, painless vision loss, blurred vision, or dark/distorted areas in the visual field. Diagnosis involves fundus examination, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fluorescein angiography. Management focuses on controlling systemic risk factors, regular retinal monitoring, and intravitreal injections for macular oedema.
Squint / Lazy Eye (Amblyopia & Strabismus)
Squint (strabismus) is the misalignment of the eyes, while amblyopia, or lazy eye, is reduced vision in one eye. Both conditions are common in childhood, and early detection is crucial to prevent long-term visual impairment. Causes include refractive errors, ocular muscle imbalance, family history, and premature birth. Symptoms include visibly misaligned eyes, poor depth perception, or head tilting. Diagnosis involves visual acuity testing, cover-uncover tests, and prism assessments. Management includes early screening, corrective lenses, patching therapy, and surgery if needed.
Stye (Hordeolum)
A stye, or hordeolum, is an acute infection of an eyelid gland, typically caused by Staphylococcus aureus, leading to a red, painful lump near the eyelash line. Risk factors include poor eyelid hygiene and chronic blepharitis. Symptoms include localised swelling, tenderness, redness, tearing, and sometimes pus formation. Diagnosis is clinical, based on eyelid examination. Management involves warm compresses to promote drainage, maintaining eyelid hygiene, and topical antibiotic ointments if infection is present. Untreated cases may form abscesses or chronic chalazia.
Uveitis and Chronic Eye Inflammation
Uveitis is inflammation of the uveal tract, which includes the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. It may be associated with systemic autoimmune conditions or infections. Causes include autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, infections such as tuberculosis, herpes, or syphilis, trauma, or idiopathic origins. Symptoms include eye pain, redness, photophobia, blurred vision, and floaters. Diagnosis involves slit-lamp examination, blood tests, and imaging for underlying causes. Early treatment and regular ophthalmic follow-up prevent complications like glaucoma, cataract, retinal damage, and vision loss.
Hypermetropia / Hyperopia (Farsightedness)
Hypermetropia, or farsightedness, is a refractive error where distant objects are clearer than near ones, caused by a shorter eyeball length or a flatter cornea. Genetic predisposition and age-related changes in lens shape contribute to its development. Symptoms include blurred near vision, eyestrain, headaches after close work, and squinting. Diagnosis involves refraction and visual acuity tests, with cycloplegic refraction particularly useful in children. Management includes regular vision screening, corrective lenses, and refractive surgery if necessary.
Myopia (Nearsightedness)
Myopia, or nearsightedness, is a refractive error where near objects appear clear but distant objects are blurry. It is increasingly common among children and young adults. Risk factors include genetic predisposition, excessive near work, prolonged screen time, and limited outdoor activity. Symptoms include blurred distance vision, eye strain, and frequent squinting. Diagnosis is made through refraction and visual acuity tests, with axial length measurement in progressive cases. Management includes lifestyle modifications, corrective lenses, orthokeratology, or low-dose atropine eye drops to control progression.
Optic Nerve Diseases and Neuro-Ophthalmology / Optic Nerve Issues
Optic nerve diseases affect the nerve responsible for transmitting visual signals from the eye to the brain. They include conditions such as optic neuritis, ischemic optic neuropathy, and compressive lesions. Causes include autoimmune or demyelinating disorders like multiple sclerosis, vascular problems, tumours, or trauma. Symptoms may present as sudden vision loss, dimming, colour desaturation, pain with eye movement, or visual field defects. Diagnosis involves fundus examination, visual field testing, MRI, and visual evoked potentials. Management focuses on controlling systemic conditions, prompt evaluation, and ongoing neurological and ophthalmic follow-up.
Presbyopia
Presbyopia is an age-related condition where the eye loses its ability to focus on near objects, typically occurring after age 40. It results from reduced elasticity of the lens due to natural ageing. Symptoms include difficulty reading small print, holding objects farther away to see clearly, and eyestrain or headaches after near work. Diagnosis is made through routine eye exams and refraction testing. Management includes reading glasses, progressive lenses, and regular eye check-ups to update prescriptions as needed.
Pterygium
Pterygium is a benign, wing-shaped growth of conjunctival tissue that extends over the cornea, often linked to chronic irritation and UV exposure. Risk factors include prolonged sunlight, dust, wind, and dry climates. Symptoms include redness, irritation, a visible growth on the white of the eye, and blurred vision if the lesion encroaches on the pupil. Diagnosis is made through clinical slit-lamp examination. Management includes UV-protective eyewear, lubricating eye drops, and surgical removal if the growth threatens vision or causes significant discomfort.
Refractive Errors (General)
Refractive errors are vision problems caused by improper focusing of light on the retina, resulting in blurred vision. Common types include myopia (nearsightedness), hypermetropia (farsightedness), astigmatism, and presbyopia. They occur due to irregularities in the cornea, lens, or eyeball length, influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Symptoms include blurred vision, eye strain, and headaches. Diagnosis involves refraction testing and visual acuity exams. Untreated refractive errors may lead to amblyopia in children and chronic eye strain. Management includes corrective lenses or refractive surgery.
Retinal Degenerations
Retinal degenerations, such as macular degeneration, involve progressive deterioration of retinal tissue, particularly the macula, leading to loss of central vision. Risk factors include ageing, genetic predisposition, smoking, hypertension, and poor diet. Early symptoms include blurred central vision, distorted images, or dark spots in the visual field. Diagnosis is made using fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fluorescein angiography. Untreated cases may result in irreversible central vision loss. Management focuses on lifestyle modifications, dietary antioxidants, and regular retinal screenings for early detection.
Astigmatism
Astigmatism is a common refractive error caused by irregular curvature of the cornea or lens, leading to blurred or distorted vision. It can occur alongside myopia or hyperopia and may be congenital, acquired from eye injury, surgery, or conditions like keratoconus, with a possible genetic predisposition. Symptoms include blurred vision at all distances, eye strain, headaches, squinting, and difficulty seeing at night. Diagnosis involves visual acuity testing, keratometry, corneal topography, and refraction assessment. Management includes corrective lenses or refractive surgery in selected cases.
Cataract
A cataract is the clouding of the natural lens of the eye, causing gradual vision loss. It is most common in older adults but can occur at any age. Risk factors include ageing, diabetes, prolonged steroid use, UV exposure, eye trauma, smoking, and family history. Symptoms include blurred or dim vision, glare, halos around lights, and frequent changes in glasses prescription. Diagnosis involves slit-lamp examination, visual acuity testing, refraction, and dilated retinal exam. Management includes UV protection, controlling risk factors, and surgical lens replacement when vision is significantly impaired.
Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)
Conjunctivitis is inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva, the clear membrane covering the white part of the eye. It can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or allergens. Common risk factors include infections like adenovirus, allergies to pollen or dust, contact lens irritation, and environmental irritants such as smoke or chlorine. Symptoms include redness, tearing, itching, burning, sticky discharge, and morning eyelash crusting. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, with swabs or cultures in severe cases. Management involves hygiene, avoiding eye rubbing, and using prescribed eye drops.
Corneal Abrasion
A corneal abrasion is a superficial scratch or injury to the cornea, often caused by trauma or a foreign body in the eye. Common risk factors include dust, sand, fingernail injuries, improper contact lens use, and rubbing the eye when debris is present. Symptoms include sudden eye pain, tearing, light sensitivity, foreign body sensation, redness, and blurred vision. Diagnosis is made using fluorescein dye and slit-lamp examination. Prompt care prevents infection, corneal ulceration, scarring, and potential permanent vision loss.
Corneal Infections (Keratitis)
Keratitis is an infection of the cornea caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, or parasites, and can threaten vision if untreated. Risk factors include contact lens overuse or poor hygiene, eye trauma, corneal abrasion, immunosuppression, and pre-existing ocular surface disease. Symptoms include severe eye pain, redness, blurred vision, light sensitivity, discharge, and a visible white corneal spot. Diagnosis involves slit-lamp examination, fluorescein staining, corneal scraping for culture, and PCR testing for viral causes. Management focuses on prompt antimicrobial therapy and preventive hygiene measures.
Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of long-term diabetes that damages the retinal blood vessels, making it a leading cause of preventable blindness in adults. Risk factors include uncontrolled blood sugar, hypertension, kidney disease, high cholesterol, and pregnancy in diabetic patients. Early symptoms may include blurred vision, floaters, or fluctuating sight, while advanced stages can cause sudden vision loss. Diagnosis involves dilated fundus examination, fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, and OCT. Management focuses on strict control of blood sugar, blood pressure, lipids, regular retinal screening, and interventions like laser therapy or intravitreal injections.
Dry Eye / Dry Eye Syndrome
Dry eye syndrome is a chronic condition where tear production or tear quality is insufficient, causing discomfort, irritation, and blurred vision. It can result from ageing, hormonal changes, autoimmune diseases, prolonged screen use, environmental dryness, or certain medications like antihistamines and antidepressants. Symptoms include gritty or burning sensations, redness, tearing, sticky eyes, and vision fluctuations. Diagnosis involves Schirmer’s test, tear film break-up time, and slit-lamp examination. Untreated dry eye can lead to corneal inflammation or ulcers. Management focuses on lubricating eye drops, environmental modifications, and lifestyle changes.
Eye Allergies / Allergic Conjunctivitis
Allergic conjunctivitis is inflammation of the eye caused by allergic reactions to airborne allergens such as pollen, dust, animal dander, or mould. It commonly occurs in spring or in dusty and humid environments. Symptoms include itchy, red, watery eyes, puffy eyelids, burning, and light sensitivity. Diagnosis is based on clinical examination and allergy history, with skin or blood tests if recurrent. Untreated cases may lead to chronic irritation or keratitis. Management includes allergen avoidance, antihistamine or mast-cell stabiliser eye drops, and cold compresses for relief.
Eye Trauma
Eye injuries occur due to blunt trauma, sharp objects, or chemical exposure, with severity ranging from minor irritation to vision-threatening damage. Common causes include sports accidents, workplace injuries, road trauma, foreign body, or chemical splashes. Prompt evaluation is crucial to prevent complications such as infection, scarring, retinal detachment, or permanent vision loss. Diagnosis involves slit-lamp and fluorescein examination, imaging for fractures, and testing visual acuity and intraocular pressure. Prevention includes protective eyewear, avoiding eye rubbing, and seeking immediate medical attention for any injury.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that cause progressive damage to the optic nerve, usually due to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Often asymptomatic in early stages, it can silently reduce peripheral vision, making regular eye check-ups essential. Risk factors include ageing, family history, diabetes, hypertension, prolonged corticosteroid use, or prior eye trauma and surgery. Early detection through tonometry, visual field tests, and optic nerve imaging allows timely treatment. If untreated, glaucoma can lead to irreversible blindness, managed with medications, laser, or surgery.
Chalazion
A hordeolum, commonly called a chalazion, is a painless lump or swelling on the eyelid caused by blockage of the meibomian (oil) gland. It is often chronic and may develop following a stye. Risk factors include poor eyelid hygiene, inflammation, skin conditions such as rosacea or seborrheic dermatitis, and recurrent blepharitis. Symptoms include a firm, painless swelling, mild redness or tenderness, and occasionally blurred vision if the lump presses on the cornea. Management involves warm compresses, eyelid hygiene, and medical or surgical drainage if persistent.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) opha
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a long-term condition where the kidneys gradually lose their ability to filter waste and excess fluids from the blood. It usually develops slowly over months or years and is commonly caused by diabetes, high blood pressure, or prolonged kidney damage. In the early stages, CKD may show few symptoms, making regular screening important. Proper management can slow disease progression, reduce complications, and help maintain quality of life.
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